Charanis, Peter. "On the Question of the Hellenization of Sicily and Southern Italy During the Middle Ages." The American Historical Review. Vol. 52, No. 1 (Oct., 1946), pp. 74–86.
Loud, G.A. (2006). "Southern Italy in the tenth century". In Reuter, Timothy. The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III c. 900–c. 1204. Cambridge University Press. pp. 624–645. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
.svg){kind=link}
